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Copyright © 2008 - 2012 by Andrew J. Morris





A generation which ignores history has no past -- and no future.

Robert Heinlein

History of Somerset, (Perry County) Ohio

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Biographies:

A Biography of Jerome Joseph Green

Jerome Joseph Green, electrician, was born near Somerset, Ohio, Dec. 26, 1865; son of Joshua and Emily (Flowers) Green; grandson of Joshua and Sarah (Hughes) Green, and of Matthias and Mary (Elder) Flowers; and a descendant of Captain Joshua Green of the Kent County, Md., militia in war of 1812, who came to America from England in 1800. He studied and taught in the district schools, and learned the carpenter's trade. He was graduated from the Ohio State university, M.E. in 1893, and during the college vacations designed cash registers and worked in photograph galleries. He was employed as a tester of the electrical apparatus for the bureau of awards at the World's Columbian exposition in 1893. He was engaged at the installation of the electrical apparatus at the Atlanta exposition in 1895, and was connected with the Chicago Edison company and the National school of electricity in Chicago until 1895. He accepted the chair of physics and electrical engineering at Notre Dame university, Indiana, in 1895. He conducted a series of experiments in wireless telegraphy at Notre Dame university, 1899, with apparatus made up in the laboratories and shops of the university, first from one room to another, then increasing the distance till signals were distinctly received three miles away, ?the apparatus used in the last trial being an improvement on the first. He made another series of tests in the business district of Chicago and on Lake Michigan, where a message was sent out a mile and a half.

From: Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans, Johnson, Rossiter, editor




John Hardy Doyle

John Hardy Doyle, Attorney-at-Law, was born on a farm near Somerset, Perry county, Ohio, April 23d, 1843. His parents, who were among the earliest settlers of the Maumee valley, were married at Providence, on the Maumee river, in 1835, or thereabout. They subsequently moved to Perry county, Ohio, and from there, in 1846, removed to Toledo in the same State, where they have since resided. He was educated primarily in the public schools of Toledo, and completed his literary education at the University in Granville, Ohio. Upon relinquishing school life he entered the office of his uncle, who was then, 1859, Recorder of Lucas county, Ohio, and acted as his deputy for two years. At the expiration of that time he commenced the reading of law in 1863, entered the office of Edward Bissell, and in 1865 was admitted to the bar and to a partnership with his preceptor. The firm thus constituted still exists, and is a leading one in Toledo, where there are to-day more than one hundred resident legal practitioners. He has exhibited great skill and well-directed energy in the conduct of various important cases. On one occasion he successfully conducted a suit for the occupants of one hundred and sixty acres of land in the centre of Toledo, valued at over one million of dollars, the title to which was involved in the suit; the claimants were the heirs of one Ford, a privateer in the war of 1812, who was then living at Fell's Point, Baltimore, Maryland. The case hinged on the legitimacy of a daughter who, the claimants alleged, was born while the aforesaid Ford was a prisoner of war in Plymouth, England, and was illegitimate. He spent a large portion of the spring and winter of 1874 in Maryland and the District of Columbia in taking testimony in this important case. The final result established the legitimacy of the child, and hence the title of his clients. Political office of a partisan nature he has never either sought or accepted. He was one of the organizers of the present excellent public free library of Toledo, and for many years served efficiently as Chairman of its Lecture Committee. In connection with Hon. De Witt Davis, of Milwaukee, he organized also the Northwestern Lecture Bureau in 1865, in Chicago, Illinois. He has frequently contributed articles on law and literary subjects to the magazines of the country, and is the possessor of a varied and valuable fund of information of a very diversified character. The Republican party has always commanded his sympathies and support. He was married, October 6th, 1868, to Alice Fuller Skinner, daughter of Dr. S. W. Skinner, of Windsor, Connecticut, now of Toledo, Ohio.

From: The Biographical Encyclopedia of Ohio of the Nineteenth Century. Columbus, OH, USA: Galaxy Publishing Co., 1876.




Philip Henry Sheridan

Lieutenant-General Philip Henry Sheridan was born in the village of Somerset, Perry county, Ohio, March 6th, 1831. His parents were recent emigrants from county Cavan, in the north of Ireland, and were devout Catholics. He was scrupulously reared in this faith. About his native village there had long been gathering a Catholic population, and the "Church of St. Joseph" there was noted as one of the oldest houses of worship in the State. He received the usual advantages of the rural schools, and when old enough to help in the support of the family, he was placed as store clerk with a Mr. Talbot, a small hardware dealer, where he remained for some time. His employer, taking an interest in him, taught him mathematics and encouraged him to study history. The boy was intelligent, active, and faithful. An opportunity to do better being offered, he entered the service of a Mr. Henry Dutton, also as a store clerk. Meantime his studies in mathematics and history were progressing with success, and he began to aspire to something better than the life of a clerk in a country store. There was quite a pressure being brought upon General Thomas Ritchey for the appointment to a vacancy at West Point, and he tells this story: "At last there came a letter accompanied by no testimonials, no influential recommendations or appeals from wealthy parents. It simply asked that the place might be given to the writer, and was signed 'Phil. Sheridan.' The boy needed no recommendation, for I knew him and his father before him, and I appointed him at once." When the future general entered West Point he was seventeen years old, and he found himself in the same class with James B. McPherson, afterwards general, and who met his death in the late war. Among his other classmates were Schofield, Terrell, Tyler, Sill, and the rebel General Hood. His high animal spirits made his career at West Point a troublesome one for his preceptors, and though above the average, he was not high in his recitations because of his frequent appearauce in the column of demerits. He was continually transgressing the rules, and on one occasion flogged a classmate for an alleged insult. For this he was compelled to stay an additional year at the academy. This little incident explains why, though the date of his admission was in the year 1848, he was not admitted to the service till 1853. His suspension had thrown him over into the class succeeding that in which he should have graduated. When in his twenty-third year, having finished his course, he was assigned to the 1st Infantry as Brevet Second Lientenant, and was soon promoted to a full Second Lieutenancy in the 4th Infantry. His first service was on the Texas frontier against the Indians. One story of the way his promotion was brought about is as follows:

"Lieutenant Sheridan had ere long to try his powers with the Apache warriors. One day he was outside the fort with two others, when a band of those savages suddenly sprang upon them. The chief, not dreaming of resistance from three men amid several times their number, leaped from his 'fiery mustang' to seize his prisoners. In an instant Sheridan was on the back of the wild charger and galloping away to Fort Duncan. He summoned the troops to arms, seized his pistols without dismounting, and hastened back like a flying warrior to the aid of the two companions who were heroically fighting for life. Dashing up to the enraged chief, he levelled a pistol at his head, 'crack' went the little weapon, and, with a mad leap into the air, the Indian fell dead at the feet of the Lieutenant's horse. The soldiers that followed him then came up, and the just now exulting band was ridden down and most of the number killed. The valiant deed, however, won no commendation from the commandant of the fort, who seemed to have a Southern prejudice against the 'Western boy.' The irritated, jealous officer charged his lieutenant with breach of discipline because he was away from his command. That commander was a Confederate general in the late civil war. For two years Sheridan was thus employed in the defence of the Southern frontier; at one time leading a company of soldiers to a threatened settlement, and at another cautiously making explorations, not knowing where the stealthy savage would rise from ambush, or fire his weapon from its unknown seclusion. But the unfortunate displeasure of his superior officer, and the collisions attending, induced Sheridan to seek a different post of duty. Accordingly the War Department, in the spring of 1855, created him a full Lieutenant in the 4th Infantry, then in Oregon."

Until the opening of the war, with only a brief interval, he was on the frontier in active service. In 1855 he commanded the escort of an exploring party through Oregon, seeking a route for a branch of the Pacific Railroad. The following year he behaved so gallantly in a fight with the Yokimas, near Fort Vancouver, as to receive special mention in general orders. He had command of the Yokima reservation in 1857, and his admirable control of affairs elicited praise from General Scott. He soon after established a military post at Yamhill, and concluded an advantageous treaty with the Coquillo Indians. He had become a daring Indian fighter, well versed in their mode of warfare, but never provoking them, and always ready to preserve the peace. At last he was rewarded with a Captain's commission in the 13th Infantry, and with it news came of the threatenings of civil war. This suited his combative nature. "If they will fight us," he wrote to a friend in "the States," "let them know we accept the challenge." And he added, with an ambition rather dwarfish in view of what he afterwards attained: "Who knows? Perhaps I may have a chance to earn a Major's commission." The war cloud broke over the land, and he was ordered to report at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. He arrived at the time Fremont had been removed, and was made President of the Board to audit the claims under his administration. This was very dull routine for so impatient and active a soldier, but he did the work satisfactorily, and he was made Quartermaster and Commissary under Curtis. He worked faithfully in his new duties, and felt that he was being rapidly advanced, seeing that he was sixty-fourth on the list of Captains. Having displeased his commanding general by criticising his mode of conducting the affairs of the Quartermaster's Department, after the battle of Pea Ridge he was sent to St. Louis under arrest. This affair was satisfactorily settled, and he was sent to Wisconsin to buy horses--a rather slow mission for the gallant cavalryman, but he was no doubt a good judge of horses! Meanwhile the cavalry arm of the service was in a very incomplete state, and Halleck, knowing his mettle, ordered him to report at Corinth, where he did staff duty. Pittsburgh Landing had just been fought. Bushwhacking had become an important feature in the rebel mode of warfare, and the daring raids of these men needed a counter-irritant. Sheridan was made Colonel of the 2d Michigan, and soon after started toward Booneville on his first raid. His reckless daring at once manifested itself, and a second regiment was added to his command. He made a dash after the guerrilla Forrest, and was so successful in it that he was formally made commander of a cavalry brigade and sent to Booneville, twenty miles in front of the army. Here the memorable battle of Booneville occurred. On the 1st of July, 1862, a rebel force numbering between four and five thousand attacked his force of two regiments. He retreated slowly, but kept up a continuous fire. The day was going against him, but he determined to hazard a bold move to regain it. Selecting a body of reliable men, about a hundred in all, he sent them by a circuitous route to the rear of the rebels. In the meantime the main body fought desperately. Suddenly the enemy were startled by the crack of carbines in the rear, and in their bewilderment they thought a whole brigade had come to the rescue. Amid this confusion Sheridan made an impetuous charge, and the day was his, the enemy fleeing in great disorder. This gallant fight made his name famous, and his bravery brought him a Brigadier-General's commission, to date from the day of the hard-fought battle and victory. But after his promotion he was detailed to an infantry command, and kept for a considerable time away from the field of service for which he was so peculiarly fitted. In a letter written since the war he says:
"It has been said that I was 'lucky' during the rebellion in the success which attended me; but whether I was or not, I believe there was no general officer in the service who was subjected to harder tests. I was not only changed from one arm of the service to another, but was constantly being changed from one line of operations to another, each involving new geographical and topographical study, the necessity of overcoming the local prejudices of soldiers of different armies, and the old and bitter prejudices between infantry and cavalry."

Still, in spite of these drawbacks, he had made rapid progress. Bragg was threatening Louisville at the time of his arrival in Kentucky, and Buell was hurrying to head him off. He put the city in a position for defence. Joining Buell's army on its arrival, he did good service in the pursuit of Bragg, which ended at Perryville. When Rosecrans assumed command, he was transferred to McCook's wing of the army--the right. He behaved with great gallantry at the battle of Stone River, and bore off the honors with Rosecrans. A Major-General's commission dated from this battle. He took part in the battle of Chickamauga, one of the bloodiest of the war, but his conduct was not so conspicuous as at Stone River. He nevertheless behaved with great courage and was effective in his movements. After the removal of Rosecrans his command was considerably enlarged. The storming of Mission Ridge was one of the most brilliant military assaults recorded in history. In leading the charge he had a horse shot under him, and five shots penetrated different parts of his uniform, but he came out without a scratch. His bravery on this occasion amounted almost to rashness. He was ever in the thickest of the fight and cheering his men. Soon after this battle Grant applied for his transfer to the East. He was made Chief of Cavalry to the Army of the Potomac. A few weeks later he was covering the flank of the army as it moved upon the wilderness. The year that followed brought him to the very pinnacle of fame. He had sent to the War Department during that time two hundred and five battle-flags captured in open fight, and about one hundred and seventy field-pieces. His command fought seventy-six battles in eleven months, all but thirteen of which were under his personal supervision. The story of these battles form the greater part of the history of the cavalry operations of the war. He has been censured for the devastation of the Shenandoah Valley, but not from official sources. He thoroughly believed in making a waste of the enemy's country, to bring them the quicker to terms, and thus hastening the war to a close; though to his credit be it said he permitted no outrages in occupied territory, and was quick to punish transgressors when found. His memorable exploits in the valley are some of the most brilliant pages in military history, and "Sheridan's Ride" was the theme of a distinguished poet. During his service here he was made a Brigadier-General of the regular army, to fill the vacancy created by the death of his old classmate McPherson. The country was excited to the highest pitch of admiration over his successes. The rebels, under Longstreet and Early, made one more desperate effort to crush him, and this led to his memorable "Ride" from Winchester. He had been called to Washington on October 13th, 1864, for a military consultation. The oft-beaten rebels massed their troops and began a stealthy march from Fisher's Hill. The full details of the march and attack cannot be given here. Suffice it to say that a largely increased force of rebels suddenly attacked the Union army, and sent them flying in retreat to Winchester. Sheridan had returned from Washington during the night, had made an early breakfast, and was riding through Winchester. A mile from the town he met the first fugitives. Instantly grasping the situation, he gave his orders quickly, and started at once for the scene of danger. He had no word of reproach for those he met, but cheered and encouraged them to return and fight their pursuers. "Face the other way, boys; face the other way! We are going to lick them out of their boots!" And they did "face the other way." Cheered by the presence of their brave commander, they reformed in line of battle. He did not even assume the defensive, but turned the tide of battle into the most brilliant victory of his military career. The effect upon the country was electric. Within sight of Richmond Grant fired one hundred guns in honor of the victory. The resignation of McClellan made a vacant Major-Generalship in the regular army. He was given the commission. The General now began to co-operate more closely with Grant and Sherman in the encircling of Richmond. He harassed the enemy at the most unexpected points. He was active, relentless, aggressive--always within sight of the foe. At the close of the war he was transferred to the Southwest. All became peace there with his appearance. His connection with the "reconstruction" troubles has been the subject of much criticism, but he certainly brought order and quiet wherever he was detailed for that purpose. After a long and varied career in the South, President Johnson, who never liked his summary mode of dealing with the rebel element, removed him to the frontier. The General of the Army protested, but it was of no avail. In his old role of an Indian fighter he was perfectly at home. When his old commander and warm personal friend was elected President, Lieutenant-General Sherman succeeded him as General of the Army, and the dashing cavalryman donned the latter's epaulettes. He is the most active of the highgrade officers of the regular army, and the authorities despatch him wherever danger threatens. He has a quick way of dealing with turbulent bodies, and even warm friends of the administration thought him unnecessarily severe in branding the Louisiana Legislature as "banditti," when called to that State recently to preserve order. In person General Sheridan is short, stout, with a deep chest. His military presence is the most striking when on horseback. He is popular with his officers, and especially so in society. He was married in 1875.

From: The Biographical Encyclopedia of Ohio of the Nineteenth Century. Columbus, OH, USA: Galaxy Publishing Co., 1876.








Ohio Facts:
Tree: buckeye
Bird: cardinal
Flower: scarlet carnation
Nickname: Buckeye State
Motto: With God, All Things Are Possible
Area (sq. mi.): 41,222
Capitol: Columbus
Admitted: 1 Mar 1803




Perry County Facts:

Seat: New Lexington
Established: 1818
Formed from: Washington, Fairfield and Muskingum


Some Historic Photographers from Somerset

  • Fulkerson, William
Courtesy of Classyarts.com



Additional Local History Notes:

The 1854 Gazetteer of the United States by Thomas Baldwin shows:

SOMERSET, a post-village in Reading township, and capital of Perry county, Ohio, on the Zanesville Wilmington and Cincinnati railroad, about 20 miles W. S. W. from Zanesville. It contains a court house, an academy, and 2 newspaper offices. Pop. in 1850, 1250.






Somerset is situated 330 meters above sea level.



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